Ebb and Flow (Flood and Drain)
A timed pump periodically floods a grow tray with nutrient solution, then lets it drain back into a reservoir below. Media-held roots alternate between wet and dry phases, pulling oxygen between floods.
Specs
- Setup cost
- $100–400
- Monthly op cost
- $8–20
- Footprint
- 2–10 sqft
- Typical draw
- 20 W (peak 40 W)
Strengths
- Root oxygenation between floods
- Handles range of plant sizes
- Tolerates brief power gaps
- Media buffers solution changes
Weaknesses
- More parts than dwc or kratky
- Timer failure can starve or drown roots
- Higher media cost
- Algae growth on exposed medium
Best for
Linked names lead to a full hydroponic guide for that plant. Unlinked names will activate as those plants are added.
Compatible plant categories
- Leafy Greens
- Herbs
- Fruiting
Required equipment
- Submersible pump
- Timer
- Flood tray
- Drain fittings
- Reservoir
- Growing medium
- Ph meter
- Ec meter
Sources
Data on this page is drawn from the following extension and research sources.
- UF IFAS Extension — Hydroponic Systems (EDIS) (accessed 2026-04-22)
- Penn State Extension — Hydroponic Systems (accessed 2026-04-22)